02175nas a2200181   4500008004100000245007400041210006900115260000800184300001200192490000700204520161200211100002601823700002401849700003001873700002501903700001601928856004901944       2008                        eng d00aSexual selection, sexual size dimorphism and Rensch's rule in Odonata0 aSexual selection sexual size dimorphism and Renschs rule in Odon  cSep  a1259-730 v213 aOdonata (dragonflies and damselflies) exhibit a range of sexual size dimorphism (SSD) that includes species with male-biased (males > females) or female-biased SSD (males < females) and species exhibiting nonterritorial or territorial mating strategies. Here, we use phylogenetic comparative analyses to investigate the influence of sexual selection on SSD in both suborders: dragonflies (Anisoptera) and damselflies (Zygoptera). First, we show that damselflies have male-biased SSD, and exhibit an allometric relationship between body size and SSD, that is consistent with Rensch's rule. Second, SSD of dragonflies is not different from unit, and this suborder does not exhibit Rensch's rule. Third, we test the influence of sexual selection on SSD using proxy variables of territorial mating strategy and male agility. Using generalized least squares to account for phylogenetic relationships between species, we show that male-biased SSD increases with territoriality in damselflies, but not in dragonflies. Finally, we show that nonagile territorial odonates exhibit male-biased SSD, whereas male agility is not related to SSD in nonterritorial odonates. These results suggest that sexual selection acting on male sizes influences SSD in Odonata. Taken together, our results, along with avian studies (bustards and shorebirds), suggest that male agility influences SSD, although this influence is modulated by territorial mating strategy and thus the likely advantage of being large. Other evolutionary processes, such as fecundity selection and viability selection, however, need further investigation.1 aSerrano-Meneses, M, A1 aCórdoba-Aguilar, A1 aAzpilicueta-Amor{\'ın, M1 aGonzález-Soriano, E1 aSzékely, T  uhttps://worldodonata.myspecies.info/node/21301736nas a2200157   4500008004100000245013000041210006900171260000800240300001100248490000700259520121900266100001301485700001701498700001401515856004901529       2008                        eng d00aEgg envelope synthesis and chorion modification after oviposition in the dragonfly Libellula depressa (Odonata, Libellulidae)0 aEgg envelope synthesis and chorion modification after ovipositio  cOct  a317-240 v403 aLibellula depressa (Odonata, Libellulidae) is an exophytic dragonfly ovidepositing eggs in clutches on the surface of floating plants and algae. The present work investigates, at ultrastructural level, the gradual differentiation of the egg envelopes and the chorionic changes after egg deposition in water. The ovary of the mature female of L. depressa is composed of numerous strings of panoistic ovarioles, where the eggshell formation takes place gradually throughout the activity of the follicle cells. The present data show that the egg envelopes are constituted of a very thick electrondense vitelline envelope, a thin endochorion and an extremely thick exochorion composed of a fibrillar matrix resting on a thin electrondense layer. After deposition in water, L. depressa eggs, initially white and almost transparent, gradually become brown spots in a semitransparent jelly coat, rich of incorporated debris. The jelly coat enveloping the eggs of L. depressa derives exclusively from the exochorion, constituted of a fibrillar matrix, which swell at contact with water. The jelly-like coat performs an adhesive function and presumably a protective role during egg segmentation and ensuing larval hatching.1 aGaino, E1 aPiersanti, S1 aRebora, M  uhttps://worldodonata.myspecies.info/node/21402378nas a2200181   4500008004100000245007300041210006900114260000800183300001200191490000700203520183100210100002302041700002002064700002402084700001802108700002102126856004902147       2008                        eng d00aMovement and demographics of Libellula fulva (Odonata, Libellulidae)0 aMovement and demographics of Libellula fulva Odonata Libellulida  cOct  a1145-530 v373 aMany capture-recapture studies on adult dragonflies have found male-biased sex ratios. However, few have estimated survivorship of males and females separately from data on frequency of recaptures in the field. Even when daily survival and capture probabilities are estimated separately, controversies can arise on whether sex biases in local survival are to be attributed to mortality or permanent emigration from the study site. The knowledge of male and female movements, assessed on an appropriate scale (i.e., within and outside the breeding site), can help address this issue. In this paper, we performed a 4-yr capture-recapture study of two Libellula fulva Müller populations in northwest Italy. Cormack-Jolly-Seber models were used to get unbiased estimates of demographic parameters (daily survival and capture probabilities, sex ratio, mean life span, and population size). Movement parameters were measured directly by georeferencing encounters. Moderate differences in survival, with males surviving better than females, were found in one population and not in the other, suggesting that these differences are not an inherent characteristic of the species. In the population with lower female survival, females were not more vagile than males, thus indicating their lower survival was caused by actual mortality rather than to emigration. In the population with no survival differences between males and females, marked males outnumbered females, but estimated sex ratios were approximately 1:1 or female biased. Therefore, raw field data were misleading because they led to underestimates of the more elusive sex and overestimates of the more detectable one (males). Survival and movement differences detected in the two populations are discussed in the framework of local environmental and demographic factors.1 aMacagno, Anna, L M1 aBoano, Giovanni1 aPalestrini, Claudia1 aStassi, Marco1 aRolando, Antonio  uhttps://worldodonata.myspecies.info/node/21501864nas a2200157   4500008004100000245008500041210006900126260000800195300001100203490000700214520137700221100002001598700002301618700001601641856004901657       2008                        eng d00aThe antennal sensilla of the adult of Libellula depressa (Odonata: Libellulidae)0 aantennal sensilla of the adult of Libellula depressa Odonata Lib  cNov  a504-100 v373 aAn ultrastructural investigation (SEM, TEM) on the antennal flagellum of the adult of the dragonfly Libellula depressa (Odonata:Libellulidae) revealed sensilla located in pits on the lateral-ventral side of the antenna. These sensilla are represented by sensilla coeloconica and by deeply sunken sensilla. The sensilla coeloconica are innervated by three unbranched dendrites, which enter the peg and show a dendrite sheath ending at the base of the peg. The peg has no socket and its cuticle is irregular with wide pore-like structures at the base of which actual pores are visible. The structure of these coeloconic sensilla is in agreement with that reported for single-walled insect chemoreceptors. The deeply sunken sensilla are represented by two kinds of sensilla styloconica, named type-1 and type-2, located at the bottom of deep cavities appearing as simple openings on the antennal surface. These sensilla are no-pore sensilla with inflexible socket and unbranched dendrites and, notwithstanding their structural differences, share common features typical of thermo/hygroreceptors. The presence of chemoreceptors in adult dragonflies sheds light on evolutionary trends in insect perception; the previously unknown occurrence of thermo/hygroreceptors in dragonflies is very important in view of the reported ability of Odonata to thermoregulate heliothermically.1 aRebora, Manuela1 aPiersanti, Silvana1 aGaino, Elda  uhttps://worldodonata.myspecies.info/node/21601462nas a2200181   4500008004100000245013100041210006900172260000800241300001000249490000800259520087600267100001901143700001801162700001701180700001801197700001601215856004901231       2008                        eng d00aThe complete mitochondrial genome of Parafronurus youi (Insecta: Ephemeroptera) and phylogenetic position of the Ephemeroptera0 acomplete mitochondrial genome of Parafronurus youi Insecta Ephem  cNov  a18-240 v4243 aThe first complete mitochondrial genome of a mayfly, Parafronurus youi (Arthropoda: Insecta: Pterygota: Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae), was sequenced using a long PCR-based approach. The genome is a circular molecule of 15,481 bp in length, and encodes the set of 38 genes. Among them, 37 genes are found in other conservative insect mitochondrial genomes, and the 38(th) unique gene is trnM-like (trnM2). The duplication-random loss model can be used to explain one of the translocations at least. The A+T content of the control region is 57%, the lowest proportion detected so far in Hexapoda. Based on the nucleotide dataset and the corresponding amino acid dataset of 12 protein-coding genes, Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood analyses yielded stable support for the relationship of the three basal clades of winged insects as Ephemeroptera+(Odonata+Neoptera).1 aZhang, Jiayong1 aZhou, Changfa1 aGai, Yonghua1 aSong, Daxiang1 aZhou, Kaiya  uhttps://worldodonata.myspecies.info/node/21702462nas a2200193   4500008004100000245004600041210004600087260000800133300001100141490000800152520192400160100002502084700002602109700002002135700002302155700002102178700002002199856004902219       2008                        eng d00aMetacommunity patterns in larval odonates0 aMetacommunity patterns in larval odonates  cNov  a329-420 v1583 aThe growth of metacommunity ecology as a subdiscipline has increased interest in how processes at different spatial scales structure communities. However, there is still a significant knowledge gap with respect to relating the action of niche- and dispersal-assembly mechanisms to observed species distributions across gradients. Surveys of the larval dragonfly community (Odonata: Anisoptera) in 57 lakes and ponds in southeast Michigan were used to evaluate hypotheses about the processes regulating community structure in this system. We considered the roles of both niche- and dispersal-assembly processes in determining patterns of species richness and composition across a habitat gradient involving changes in the extent of habitat permanence, canopy cover, area, and top predator type. We compared observed richness patterns and species distributions in this system to patterns predicted by four general community models: species sorting related to adaptive trade-offs, a developmental constraints hypothesis, dispersal assembly, and a neutral community assemblage. Our results supported neither the developmental constraints nor the neutral-assemblage models. Observed patterns of richness and species distributions were consistent with patterns expected when adaptive tradeoffs and dispersal-assembly mechanisms affect community structure. Adaptive trade-offs appeared to be important in limiting the distributions of species which segregate across the habitat gradient. However, dispersal was important in shaping the distributions of species that utilize habitats with a broad range of hydroperiods and alternative top predator types. Our results also suggest that the relative importance of these mechanisms may change across this habitat gradient and that a metacommunity perspective which incorporates both niche- and dispersal-assembly processes is necessary to understand how communities are organized.1 aMcCauley, Shannon, J1 aDavis, Christopher, J1 aRelyea, Rick, A1 aYurewicz, Kerry, L1 aSkelly, David, K1 aWerner, Earl, E  uhttps://worldodonata.myspecies.info/node/21801938nas a2200157   4500008004100000245009000041210006900131260000800200300001000208490000700218520144800225100001701673700002201690700001901712856004901731       2008                        eng d00aStudy of bio-physico-chemical parameters of Mothronwala swamp, Dehradun (Uttarakhand)0 aStudy of biophysicochemical parameters of Mothronwala swamp Dehr  cMay  a381-60 v293 aAquatic biodiversity is one of the most essential characteristics of the aquatic ecosystem formaintaining its stability and a means of coping with any environmental change. The entire stretch of the Mothronwala swamp has rich riparian vegetation for providing conducive environment for the growth of aquatic organisms. The present work has been undertaken to study the bio-physico-chemical characteristics of the swamp. The data on physico-chemical environmental variables (temperature, total dissolved solutes, size and composition of substratum, pH, dissolved oxygen, alkalinity chlorides, and hardness) have been given under the present contribution. A total of 16 genera of aquatic insects belonging to orders Trichoptera, Coleoptera, Hemiptera, Ephemeroptera, Odonata and Phylum Mollusca represented the macroinvertebrates of Mothronwala swamp. The fresh water swamp of Mothronwala is under threat due to human interference and other anthropogenic activities. Some of the natural and anthropogenic environmental problems of the Mothronwala swamp have been identified and the ameliorative measures for the protection of aquatic environment and the conservation measures for the swamp have been suggested. The qualitative study revealed the present status of the aquatic biodiversity of the swamp and also about the physico-chemical parameters, which would be very helpful for policy makers to take precautionary measures to save the swamp.1 aGupta, Nutan1 aSharma, Ramesh, C1 aTripathi, A, K  uhttps://worldodonata.myspecies.info/node/21901840nas a2200133   4500008004100000245020400041210006900245260000800314300001100322490000700333520129000340100002701630856004901657       2008                        eng d00aSkeletomuscular development of genital segments in the dragonfly Anax imperator (Odonata, Aeshnidae) during metamorphosis and its implications for the evolutionary morphology of the insect ovipositor0 aSkeletomuscular development of genital segments in the dragonfly  cJul  a321-320 v373 aThe skeleton-muscular organisation of abdominal segments 7-9 in female Anax imperator L. (Anisoptera, Aeshnidae) was examined in the stages of ultimate larva, teneral imago, and mature imago, with special emphasis on the transformation of the muscle arrangement. The absence of certain muscles in the genital segments compared to the 7th pre-genital segment was noted on all studied stages. Reductions of certain muscles in adults compared to those in larvae are reported. Some of ovipositor's muscles appear already in larvae. Attachment sites of larval muscles are retained in freshly emerged females concurrently with integument transformations. This situation allows for precise determination of the borders of newly differentiated genital sclerites and, therefore, of the possible origin of certain ovipositor elements in odonates. All changes in the segmental sets of studied abdominal muscles during metamorphosis are tabulated, and displacements of muscles are documented and illustrated. Schematic figures illustrating homologies between the parts of larval and imaginal abdominal sclerites are provided. The origins of the components of the endophytic ovipositor in Odonata as well as their implications for the evolutionary morphology of the insect ovipositor are discussed.1 aMatushkina, Natalia, A  uhttps://worldodonata.myspecies.info/node/22002067nas a2200181   4500008004100000245010200041210006900143260000800212300001100220490000800231520152000239100001201759700001501771700001701786700001901803700001401822856004901836       2008                        eng d00aCharacter-based DNA barcoding allows discrimination of genera, species and populations in Odonata0 aCharacterbased DNA barcoding allows discrimination of genera spe  cFeb  a237-470 v2753 aDNA barcoding has become a promising means for identifying organisms of all life stages. Currently, phenetic approaches and tree-building methods have been used to define species boundaries and discover 'cryptic species'. However, a universal threshold of genetic distance values to distinguish taxonomic groups cannot be determined. As an alternative, DNA barcoding approaches can be 'character based', whereby species are identified through the presence or absence of discrete nucleotide substitutions (character states) within a DNA sequence. We demonstrate the potential of character-based DNA barcodes by analysing 833 odonate specimens from 103 localities belonging to 64 species. A total of 54 species and 22 genera could be discriminated reliably through unique combinations of character states within only one mitochondrial gene region (NADH dehydrogenase 1). Character-based DNA barcodes were further successfully established at a population level discriminating seven population-specific entities out of a total of 19 populations belonging to three species. Thus, for the first time, DNA barcodes have been found to identify entities below the species level that may constitute separate conservation units or even species units. Our findings suggest that character-based DNA barcoding can be a rapid and reliable means for (i) the assignment of unknown specimens to a taxonomic group, (ii) the exploration of diagnosability of conservation units, and (iii) complementing taxonomic identification systems.1 aRach, J1 aDesalle, R1 aSarkar, I, N1 aSchierwater, B1 aHadrys, H  uhttps://worldodonata.myspecies.info/node/22102501nas a2200145   4500008004100000245010400041210006900145260000800214300001100222490000700233520201900240100002102259700002602280856004902306       2008                        eng d00aHabitat and biodiversity of on-farm water storages: a case study in Southeast Queensland, Australia0 aHabitat and biodiversity of onfarm water storages a case study i  cFeb  a234-490 v413 aOn-farm water storages (locally known as farm dams or farm ponds) are an important part of many agricultural landscapes, as they provide a reliable source of water for irrigation and stock. Although these waterbodies are artificially constructed and morphologically simple, there is increasing interest in their potential role as habitat for native flora and fauna. In this article, we present results from a case study which examined the habitat characteristics (such as water physical and chemical parameters, benthic metabolism, and macrophyte cover) and the macrophyte and macroinvertebrate biodiversity of eight farm ponds on four properties in the Stanley Catchment, Southeast Queensland, Australia. Each landowner was interviewed to allow a comparison of the management of the ponds with measured habitat and biodiversity characteristics, and to understand landowners' motivations in making farm pond management decisions.The physical and chemical water characteristics of the study ponds were comparable to the limited number of Australian farm ponds described in published literature. Littoral zones supported forty-five macroinvertebrate families, with most belonging to the orders Hemiptera, Coleoptera, Odonata, and Diptera. Invertebrate community composition was strongly influenced by littoral zone macrophyte structure, with significant differences between ponds with high macrophyte cover compared to those with bare littoral zones. The importance of littoral zone macrophytes was also suggested by a significant positive relationship between invertebrate taxonomic richness and macrophyte cover.The landowners in this study demonstrated sound ecological knowledge of their farm ponds, but many had not previously acknowledged them as having high habitat value for native flora and fauna. If managed for aquatic organisms as well as reliable water sources, these artificial habitats may help to maintain regional biodiversity, particularly given the large number of farm ponds across the landscape.1 aMarkwell, Kim, A1 aFellows, Christine, S  uhttps://worldodonata.myspecies.info/node/22201326nas a2200145   4500008004100000245011800041210006900159260000800228300001000236490000700246520084000253100002001093700001801113856004901131       2008                        eng d00aLarval ecomorphology of 13 Libellulidae (Anisoptera, Odonata) of the Middle Rio Doce Valley, Minas Gerais, Brazil0 aLarval ecomorphology of 13 Libellulidae Anisoptera Odonata of th  cFeb  a211-90 v683 aIn the lakes of the Middle Rio Doce, Minas Gerais (MG), two groups of larval Libellulidae are distinguished by preferences of habitat use: one uses mainly aquatic macrophytes and the other uses the bottom substrate. The goal of this work was to verify if there is a morphological distinction between the two groups of species. Thirteen body measures were taken from the larvae and analyzed. No difference was found between the two groups of species regarding the body size, but shape differences were observed for two morphological variables. The species that use mainly macrophytes tend to have larger relative measures of the labium and smaller measures of the abdomen width. Advantages in resource obtainment and in vulnerability to predation are probably the explanations for the morphological divergence among these larval groups.1 aGiacomini, H, C1 aJr, De, Marco  uhttps://worldodonata.myspecies.info/node/22301405nas a2200133   4500008004100000245010900041210006900150260000800219520092800227100002501155700002301180700001901203856004901222       2008                        eng d00aThe impact of climate-induced distributional changes on the validity of biological water quality metrics0 aimpact of climateinduced distributional changes on the validity   cDec3 aWe present data on the distributional changes within an order of macroinvertebrates used in biological water quality monitoring. The British Odonata (dragonflies and damselflies) have been shown to be expanding their range northwards and this could potentially affect the use of water quality metrics. The results show that the families of Odonata that are used in monitoring are shifting their ranges poleward and that species richness is increasing through time at most UK latitudes. These past distributional shifts have had negligible effects on water quality indicators. However, variation in Odonata species richness (particularly in species-poor regions) has a significant effect on water quality metrics. We conclude with a brief review of current and predicted responses of aquatic macroinvertebrates to environmental warming and maintain that caution is warranted in the use of such dynamic biological indicators.1 aHassall, Christopher1 aThompson, David, J1 aHarvey, Ian, F  uhttps://worldodonata.myspecies.info/node/22400515nas a2200145   4500008004100000245012800041210006900169260000800238300001100246490000700257100002200264700001900286700001500305856004900320       2008                        eng d00aDivergence dates of libelluloid dragonflies (Odonata: Anisoptera) estimated from rRNA using paired-site substitution models0 aDivergence dates of libelluloid dragonflies Odonata Anisoptera e  cApr  a426-320 v471 aWare, Jessica, L.1 aHo, Simon, Y W1 aKjer, Karl  uhttps://worldodonata.myspecies.info/node/22501422nas a2200181   4500008004100000245010900041210006900150260000800219300001200227490000800239520083300247100002201080700002401102700002101126700001801147700002601165856004901191       2008                        eng d00aFarm ponds make a contribution to the biodiversity of aquatic insects in a French agricultural landscape0 aFarm ponds make a contribution to the biodiversity of aquatic in  cApr  a298-3080 v3313 aManmade ecosystems provide a variety of resources that have strong economic values. We assessed the importance of 37 farm ponds for the biodiversity of Odonata in an agricultural landscape lacking natural wetlands in southwestern France. Farm ponds captured 40% of the regional species pool, including both common and rare species. The species assemblages were not correlated with pond use (e.g., cattle watering, duck farming, etc.) or to landscape variable. Species richness was correlated with pond area, suggesting that community diversity was primarily driven by autoecological processes. Farm ponds thus made a positive contribution to the maintenance of aquatic biodiversity. This added value for biodiversity should be considered when calculating the costs and benefits of constructing water bodies for human activities.1 aRuggiero, Antonio1 aCéréghino, Régis1 aFiguerola, Jordi1 aMarty, Pierre1 aAngélibert, Sandrine  uhttps://worldodonata.myspecies.info/node/22600454nas a2200121   4500008004100000245012800041210006900169490000700238100000500245700001600250700001700266856004900283       2008                        eng d00aDivergence dates of libelluloid dragonflies (Odonata: Anisoptera) estimated from rRNA using paired-site substitution models0 aDivergence dates of libelluloid dragonflies Odonata Anisoptera e0 v471 a1 aMay, M., L.1 aKjer, K., M.  uhttps://worldodonata.myspecies.info/node/22700801nas a2200145   4500008004100000245007600041210006900117300001000186490000700196520033000203100002700533700002300560700002300583856004900606       2008                        eng d00aA new species of Anagrus (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) from Amazonas, Brazil0 anew species of Anagrus Hymenoptera Mymaridae from Amazonas Brazi  a681-40 v373 aA new fairyfly species from the Neotropics, Anagrus (Anagrus) amazonensis Triapitsyn, Querino & Feitosa, sp. n., is described and illustrated. Anagrus Haliday is a large genus of Mymaridae (Hymenoptera), which now includes eight species recorded from Brazil. This new species attacks eggs of damselflies (Odonata: Zygoptera).1 aTriapitsyn, Serguei, V1 aQuerino, Ranyse, B1 aFeitosa, Malu, C B  uhttps://worldodonata.myspecies.info/node/228